Cyflwyniad gan/Introduction by Robbie Blackhall-Myers

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*“Llanberis for me is not a village of slate but a village of meadows. Llanberis, and the whole valley used to be full of meadows, not only in the valley bottom, but some reaching up onto the fridd, the mountain pasture of the valley sides. These were places of high biodiversity and provided much of what the local people needed food, medicine, hay for their animals and beds.*

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\[Ac yn ôl Mair Read, enw gwreiddiol Llanberis oedd “Coed y Ddôl”. Felly mae cysylltiad hanesyddol â’r syniad o Lanberis fel pentref dolydd!  And according to Mair Read, the original name for LLanberis was “Coed y Ddôl”, the Wood of the Meadow. So there is a historical connection to the idea of Llanberis as a meadow village\]

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*The meadows were all but lost –grasslands are among the most threatened habitats in Britain. Approximately 97% of the UK’s species-rich grassland has been lost since the 1930s. There are many reasons for their decline including conversion into crops and more intensive management, tree planting, development and more.*

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*Now, the memory of those meadows is now held in place names and road signs.  The words Dôl  (or Ddôl) mean ‘watery meadow’, and are related to the words Dale and Dole. The latter of which comes from the annual gift of a share of the meadows that was held in common and now relates to the gift of money that the state hands you when you need it most. To dole out is to share out.*

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*Everywhere I turn I find Dôl  (or Ddôl) in street and house names, haunting gravestones to the lost meadows .  This is a map of just some of those places, and an invitation, to wander around and imagine how it was to live in this meadow village. And in this time of change, to perhaps think about bringing some of them back, even if just in a patch of your back garden.*

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*There is inspiration in Llanberis too - Cae’r Ddol - the only hay meadow left in the valley. It produces 26 big bails of hay per year. Super productive because of nutrients deposited by lake when it floods.”*

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**Robbie Blackhall-Miles**

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As you explore Llanberis, a meadow village, also look out for Gweirglodd (Weirglodd) which also means meadow, and also, as you’ll find out, Gwndwn and Gors are also markers of old grasslands.

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Map ac ymchwil enwau caeau ychwanegol wedi'i ysbrydoli gan waith Robbie, gan Lindsey Colbourne ar gyfer Stori’r Tir Dyffryn Peris, 2025.

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Map and additional field name research inspired by Robbie’s work, by Lindsey Colbourne for Stori’r Tir Dyffryn Peris, 2025.

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https://www.utopiasbach.org/storir-tir-dyffryn-peris

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Llanberis: Pentref Dolydd - a Meadow Village

**Mae’r bladur hithau yn ei phwd**

**Mewn rhwd yn awr yn hongian**

**A’r hen gorn bloneg yn ei fedd**

**Yn nhawel hedd yr ydlan**

**Ac ysbryd y medelwyr mwyn**

**Ar frig y chwyn y cwynfan**

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Hen bennill a ddarganfuwyd gan J Williams-Davies (dyfynnwyd yn llyfr Rhian Parry, Cerdded y Caeau)

 

 

(A terrible translation, sorry!)

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The sythe itself is in dust

In rust now hanging

And the old greasy horn in its grave

In the quiet peace of the rickyard

And the spirit of the gentle reapers

At the top of the field, the weeds moaning.

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An old verse found by J Williams-Davies (quoted in Rhian Parry’s book, Cerdded y Caeau)

Ddôl Isaf

Cae Ffair - Fair Field

Most likely constructed by Llywelyn ap Iorwerth (Llywelyn the Great) in the late 12th or early 13th century this castle was built to protect the meadows and pastures of Dyffryn Peris. They needed to be protected because they produced the little cattle that were such an important commodity to Llewelyn.

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Note the ‘Dol’ in the name Castell Dôl + Padarn = Padarn Meadow Castle

Castell Dolbadarn Castle

Scroll down for English

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**Dôl neu borfa?**

Yn union fel mae’r gair coetir yn cael ei ddefnyddio i ddisgrifio sawl math o bren, rydyn ni nawr yn aml yn defnyddio’r gair dôl i ddisgrifio llawer o wahanol fathau o lefydd glaswelltog llawn blodau. Mae hyn yn cynnwys porfeydd, sy’n cael eu cynnal gan bori. Mae’r glaswellt yn cael ei gadw’n gytbwys drwy bori gofalus gyda nifer bach o anifeiliaid sy’n cael eu symud o gwmpas drwy gydol y flwyddyn. Mae’r pori helaeth yma’n galluogi porfeydd a glaswelltiroedd i gynnal blodau toreithiog heb dorri gwair.

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**Mathau o borfeydd yn Llanberis**

* Priddoedd sych, asidig, glaswelltiroedd asid yw rhai o’r porfeydd mwyaf cyffredin – er eu bod yn gymharol brin o rywogaethau.
* Mae pridd gwlyb, porfeydd brwyn yn gartref i’w planhigion arbennig eu hunain – gan gynnwys Tamaid y Cythraul a __Charpiog y Gors__ yn ogystal â llawer o hesg a brwyn.

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Gallwch weld rhestr lawn o blanhigion yn lleoliad 2 - Cae’r Ddôl

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Mwy o wybodaeth: https://www.plantlife.org.uk/learning-resource/sut-i-reoli-dol/?lang=cy

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ENGLISH

**A meadow or pasture?**

Just as the word woodland is used to describe many types of wood, we now often use the word meadow to describe many different types of flower-rich grassy places. This includes pastures, which are maintained by grazing. The grass is kept in balance by careful grazing with a small number of animals which are moved around throughout the year. This extensive grazing allows pastures and grasslands to support abundant flowers without a hay cut.

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**Types of pastures in Llanberis**

* Dry, acidic soils, acid grasslands are some of the most common pastures – although they are relatively species poor
* Wet soil, rush pastures are home to their own special plants – including Devil’s-bit Scabious and Ragged Robin as well many sedges and rushes.

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You can see a full list of plants at location 2 - Cae’r Ddôl

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More about meadows: https://www.plantlife.org.uk/learning-resource/how-to-manage-a-meadow/

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Beth yw Dôl? What is a meadow?

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Rheolir Cae’r Ddôl gan Ffrindiau Cae’r Ddôl/Friends of Padarn Water Meadows.

Mae’n cynhyrchu 26 bwnd mawr o wair y flwyddyn.

Hynod gynhyrchiol oherwydd maetholion a adneuwyd gan y llyn pan fydd yn gorlifo.

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Cae’r Ddôl is managed by Ffrindiau Cae’r Ddol/Friends of Padarn Water Meadows.

It produces 26 big bails of hay per year.

Super productive because of nutrients deposited by lake when it floods.

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Links:

https://www.facebook.com/groups/399087100291215

https://www.plantlife.org.uk/learning-resource/managing-meadows/

https://www.plantlife.org.uk/learning-resource/rheoli-dolydd/?lang=cy

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**Cae’r Ddol : Rhywogaethau Botanegol : Botanical Species (gan Emily Meilleur)**

| **English Name** | **Enw Cymraeg** | ***Scientific Name*** |
|----|----|----|
| Autumn Hawkbit | Peradyl yr Hydref | *Leontodon autumnalis* |
| Cat's-ear | Melynydd | *Hypochaeris radicata* |
| Cock's-foot | Troed y Ceiliog | *Dactylis glomerata* |
| Common Bent | Maeswellt Cyffredin | *Agrostis capillaris* |
| Common Bird's-foot-trefoil | Pysen-y-Ceirw | *Lotus corniculatus* |
| Common Knapweed | Y Bengaled | *Centaurea nigra* |
| Common Mouse-ear | Clust-y-llygoden Gulddail | *Cerastium fontanum* |
| Common Sorrel | Suran y Cwn | *Rumex acetosa* |
| Common Spotted Orchid | Tegeirian | *Dactylorhiza fuchsii* |
| Creeping Bent | Maeswellt Rhedegog | *Agrostis stolonifera* |
| Creeping Buttercup | Blodyn Melyn Ymlusgol | *Rannunculus repens* |
| Creeping cinquefoil | pumnallen ymlusgol | *Potentilla reptans* |
| Creeping Soft-grass | Maswellt Rhedegog | *Holcus mollis* |
| Crested Dog's-tail |    | *Cynosorus cristatus* |
| Cuckoo Flower | Blodyn y gog | *Cardamine pratensis* |
| Dandelion | Dant y Llew | *Taraxacum aggregate* |
| Devils Bit Scabious | Tamaid yr Cythraul | *Succisa pratensis* |
| Field Horsetail | Marchrawnen yr ardir | *Equisetum arvense* |
| Germander Speedwell | Llygaid Glas | *Veronica chamaedrys* |
| Greater Bird's-foot-trefoil | Pysen-y-Ceirw Fawr | *Lotus pedunculatus* |
| Herb Bennet | Mapgoll | *Geum urbanum* |
| Hogweed | Efwr | *Heracleum sphondylium* |
| Jointed Rush | Brwynen Gymalog | *Juncus articulatus* |
| Lesser Spearwort | Llafnlys bach | *Ranunculus flammula* |
| Marsh Ragwort | Creulys y gors | *Senecio aquaticus* |
| Marsh Thistle | Ysgallen  y gors | *Cirsium palustre* |
| Meadow Buttercup | Blodyn Ymenyn | *Ranunculus acris* |
| Meadow Foxtail | cynffonwellt y maes | *Alopecurus pratensis* |
| Meadow Vetchling | Ytbysen y Ddôl | *Lathyrus pratensis* |
| Meadowsweet | Erwain | *Filipendula ulmaria* |
| Perennial Rye-grass | Rhygwellt Parhaol | *Lolium perenne* |
| Purple Loosestrife | Llysiau'r-milwr coch | *Lythrum salicaria* |
| Red Bardsia | Gorudd | *Odontites vernus* |
| Red Clover | Meillionen Goch | *Trifolium pratense* |
| Red Fescue | Peiswellt Coch | *Festuca rubra* |
| Ribwort Plantain | Llyriad yr Ais | *Plantago lanceolata* |
| Rough Meadow-grass | Gweunwellt garw | *Poa trivialis* |
| Selfheal | Y Feddyges Las | *Prunella vulgaris* |
| Sharp-flowered Rush | Brwynen flodeufain | *Juncus acutiflorus* |
| Silverweed | Dail Arian | *Potentilla anserina* |
| Slender Rush | Brwynen Fain | *Juncus tenuis* |
| Smooth Hawk's-beard | Gwalchlys Llyfn | *Crepis capillaris* |
| Sneezewort | Ystrewlys | *Achillea ptarmica* |
| Soft-rush | Brwynen Babwyr | *Juncus effusus* |
| Sweet Vernal-grass | Perwellt y Gwanwyn | *Anthoxanthum odoratum* |
| Tall Oat-grass | ceirchwellt tal | *Arrenatherum elatius* |
| Tormentil | Tresgl y mocheg | *Potentilla erecta* |
| Tufted hair-grass | Brigwellt garw | *Deschampsia cespitosa* |
| Water-pepper | Y Dinboeth | *Persicaria hydropiper* |
| White Clover | Meillionen Wen | *Trifolium repens* |
| Willowherb | Helyglys | *Epilobium sp.* |
| Yarrow | Milddail | *Achillea millifolium* |
| Yellow Flag | Gellesgen | *Iris psuedacorus* |
| Yorkshire-fog | Maswellt Penwyn | *Holcus lanatus* |

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Cae'r Ddôl

Ancient ridge and furrow system recorded here by Gwynedd Archaeological trust. Land is home to many rare species of waxcap fungi showing it hasn’t been plowed for a very long time indeed.

English Name	Enw Cymraeg	*Scientific Name*
Autumn Hawkbit	Peradyl yr Hydref	Leontodon autumnalis
Cat's-ear	Melynydd	Hypochaeris radicata
Cock's-foot	Troed y Ceiliog	Dactylis glomerata
Common Bent	Maeswellt Cyffredin	Agrostis capillaris
Common Bird's-foot-trefoil	Pysen-y-Ceirw	Lotus corniculatus
Common Knapweed	Y Bengaled	Centaurea nigra
Common Mouse-ear	Clust-y-llygoden Gulddail	Cerastium fontanum
Common Sorrel	Suran y Cwn	Rumex acetosa
Common Spotted Orchid	Tegeirian	Dactylorhiza fuchsii
Creeping Bent	Maeswellt Rhedegog	Agrostis stolonifera
Creeping Buttercup	Blodyn Melyn Ymlusgol	Rannunculus repens
Creeping cinquefoil	pumnallen ymlusgol	Potentilla reptans
Creeping Soft-grass	Maswellt Rhedegog	Holcus mollis
Crested Dog's-tail		Cynosorus cristatus
Cuckoo Flower	Blodyn y gog	Cardamine pratensis
Dandelion	Dant y Llew	Taraxacum aggregate
Devils Bit Scabious	Tamaid yr Cythraul	Succisa pratensis
Field Horsetail	Marchrawnen yr ardir	Equisetum arvense
Germander Speedwell	Llygaid Glas	Veronica chamaedrys
Greater Bird's-foot-trefoil	Pysen-y-Ceirw Fawr	Lotus pedunculatus
Herb Bennet	Mapgoll	Geum urbanum
Hogweed	Efwr	Heracleum sphondylium
Jointed Rush	Brwynen Gymalog	Juncus articulatus
Lesser Spearwort	Llafnlys bach	Ranunculus flammula
Marsh Ragwort	Creulys y gors	Senecio aquaticus
Marsh Thistle	Ysgallen y gors	Cirsium palustre
Meadow Buttercup	Blodyn Ymenyn	Ranunculus acris
Meadow Foxtail	cynffonwellt y maes	Alopecurus pratensis
Meadow Vetchling	Ytbysen y Ddôl	Lathyrus pratensis
Meadowsweet	Erwain	Filipendula ulmaria
Perennial Rye-grass	Rhygwellt Parhaol	Lolium perenne
Purple Loosestrife	Llysiau'r-milwr coch	Lythrum salicaria
Red Bardsia	Gorudd	Odontites vernus
Red Clover	Meillionen Goch	Trifolium pratense
Red Fescue	Peiswellt Coch	Festuca rubra
Ribwort Plantain	Llyriad yr Ais	Plantago lanceolata
Rough Meadow-grass	Gweunwellt garw	Poa trivialis
Selfheal	Y Feddyges Las	Prunella vulgaris
Sharp-flowered Rush	Brwynen flodeufain	Juncus acutiflorus
Silverweed	Dail Arian	Potentilla anserina
Slender Rush	Brwynen Fain	Juncus tenuis
Smooth Hawk's-beard	Gwalchlys Llyfn	Crepis capillaris
Sneezewort	Ystrewlys	Achillea ptarmica
Soft-rush	Brwynen Babwyr	Juncus effusus
Sweet Vernal-grass	Perwellt y Gwanwyn	Anthoxanthum odoratum
Tall Oat-grass	ceirchwellt tal	Arrenatherum elatius
Tormentil	Tresgl y mocheg	Potentilla erecta
Tufted hair-grass	Brigwellt garw	Deschampsia cespitosa
Water-pepper	Y Dinboeth	Persicaria hydropiper
White Clover	Meillionen Wen	Trifolium repens
Willowherb	Helyglys	Epilobium sp.
Yarrow	Milddail	Achillea millifolium
Yellow Flag	Gellesgen	Iris psuedacorus
Yorkshire-fog	Maswellt Penwyn	Holcus lanatus